To make better games, I’m a big believer in the value of learning the fundamentals, even if they aren’t directly related to game dev. You can elevate your game dev skills using the principles of design and art. Go beyond the amateurish, to something that is professional and powerful.

Take animation, which is more than a century old. My go-to bible is The Animator’s Survival Kit, an absolute classic by an award-winning veteran. When people ask for quick tips, I also recommend Disney’s 12 Principles of Animation. Even though these guides were written before computer animation became ubiquitous, their principles apply regardless of the tools you use.

I often see people making games, putting a lot of love and effort into it, but the animation is lifeless and basic. If only they applied some basic animation principles, this could look so much better! Well, now I’d like to show how to do this, using a basic, side-scrolling platformer character example.

Let’s take a basic, pixel-art side scrolling character. This is Ticcy, the mascot for the TIC-80 fantasy console:

Giving Ticcy a basic walk and run animation might look something like this:

…and Ticcy has a hat, just because

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Once upon a time I made a few 3D games, but these days I make exclusively 2D games. This includes both games that take place in a 2D space, and the artwork is made using 2D techniques. I believe it is easier to make a good 2D game than a 3D one, both in terms of playability and looking great.

While 3D definitely has its advantages - there’s nothing quite like the immersion of a first-person perspective, and 3D models can be infinitely oriented - overall I prefer 2D much more. Here are my reasons:

Easy to Understand

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Hard to believe there was actually a 3-D Bomberman (right), released one year later

With the notable exception of VR, most games are played on a 2D screen, so it is natural to present games in a 2D plane. Humans have thousands of years of experience mapping things onto 2D surfaces; most maps are drawn on a flat surface (and it’s also why most maps of the world lie).

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To expand on some of the thoughts from my previous rant on nim, here’s a tier list I made. Yep, it’s going to be my garbage opinions! But it also includes my (admittedly subjective) first-hand experience with using these frameworks. I’ve used some for years, others just a week. And it includes a few engines and not just frameworks. So there 🧐

Criteria

How can you judge anything without clear criteria? Mine are quite specific; I am interested in making 2D games, for both jams and long-term hobby projects, so the results will seem heavily skewed if you have different needs. I have made 3D games in the past, but it’s not my cup of tea. I may expand on why I’m not interested in a future post. I’m also really keen on frameworks that are great for game jams - I’ve written about that in the past. In no particular order here are things I look for:

• Learning curve
• Quality of documentation and examples, ease of troubleshooting in general
• How easy it is to package, including web export
• How fun it is to use, vs. fighting with instability and quirks
• How powerful and flexible it is

Also, some of these frameworks are super-specialised. I try to be fair here, for example if a framework is specifically made for VN games, I’m only going to judge it by how it can make a VN game.

Last but not least, I only list frameworks which I’ve at least attempted to make a game with.

The List

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For a number of years, I’ve been looking for a great new programming language to make games with. When I came across nim, it felt like a breath of fresh air and my search seemed to be over. However, after trying it for a month or so, I have sadly concluded that it’s not the right language for me.

Disclaimer

Nim is a great language, in fact out of the languages that have come onto the scene in the last decade or so, nim is one of the more promising. This is not meant as a critique of the language overall, only that in its current state, and for my purposes, it is not the right choice.

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I love 2D sprite-based games; they are easy to read and a great way to showcase beautiful art and character designs. A major downside is that drawing each sprite is a significant amount of work, and it can grow exponentially depending on the game perspective!

Choosing the right game perspective has a big impact on your game’s art budget. Here’s a rundown of different 2D game perspectives and how many different sprites you need to budget for.

Summary

Perspective	Sprites Needed	Genres	Examples
Top-down (vertical)	1x	action, arcade, puzzle, vertical scrollers
Side view	1-1.5x	beat-em-up, fighting, infinite runner, metroidvania, platformer, run-and-gun, side-scrolling
Isometric (4 directions)	2-2.5x	business simulation, turn based strategy, turn based tactics
Oblique	3-3.5x	action RPG, overhead shooter, RPG, RTS
8-directional	5-5.5x	8-directional shooter, real time tactics

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